达维营-前端网最近我经常在word 里面写东西，发现程序代码拷贝到word 里面就没有了在代码编辑器里面的那种语法高亮的效果，感觉不爽。于是我上网搜了搜，发现目前在word 中实现语法高亮的方法主要是通过安装一个插件。由于我先天的对插件比较反感，所以自己动手，使用word 等office 软件都支持的VBA (Visual BAsic For Application) 写了一个语法高亮的宏。
这个宏的功能比较简单，就是利用得到文档中选中部分的代码，然后分词，判断该词的类别，然后着色。我现在使用的分词方法是VBA 提供的，大部分情况下和我们预期的比较一致。但是在某些情况下，比如连续的分隔符，这种分词方法会和C 语言分析器的分词结果不同的。
这个宏除了可以语法着色，还可以为代码标注行号。（听说侯捷在《word 排版艺术》一书中也有一个为代码添加行号的宏。不知道他的宏和我的宏是否雷同。如有雷同，纯属巧合：）
'script to high light code In document
Private Function isKeyword(w) As Boolean
Dim keys As New Collection
With keys
.Add " if": .Add "else": .Add "switch": .Add "case": .Add "default": .Add "break"
.Add "goto": .Add "return": .Add "for": .Add "while": .Add "do": .Add "continue"
.Add "typedef": .Add "sizeof": .Add "NULL": .Add "new": .Add "delete": .Add "throw"
.Add "try": .Add "catch": .Add "namespace": .Add "operator": .Add "this": .Add "const_cast"
.Add "static_cast": .Add "dynamic_cast": .Add "reinterpret_cast": .Add "true"
.Add "false": .Add "null": .Add "using": .Add "typeid": .Add "and": .Add "and_eq"
.Add "bitand": .Add "bitor": .Add "compl": .Add "not": .Add "not_eq": .Add "or"
.Add "or_eq": .Add "xor": .Add "xor_eq"
End With
isKeyword = isSpecial(w, keys)
End Function
Private Function isSpecial(ByVal w As String, ByRef col As Collection) As Boolean
For Each i In col
If w = i Then
isSpecial = True
Exit Function
End If
Next
isspeical = False
End Function
Private Function isOperator(w) As Boolean
Dim ops As New Collection
With ops
.Add "+": .Add "-": .Add "*": .Add "/": .Add "&": .Add "^": .Add ";"
.Add "%": .Add "#": .Add "!": .Add ":": .Add ",": .Add "."
.Add "||": .Add "&&": .Add "|": .Add "=": .Add "++": .Add "--"
.Add "'": .Add """"
End With
isOperator = isSpecial(w, ops)
End Function
Private Function isType(ByVal w As String) As Boolean
Dim types As New Collection
With types
.Add "void": .Add "struct": .Add "union": .Add "enum": .Add "char": .Add "short": .Add "int"
.Add "long": .Add "double": .Add "float": .Add "signed": .Add "unsigned": .Add "const": .Add "static"
.Add "extern": .Add "auto": .Add "register": .Add "volatile": .Add "bool": .Add "class": .Add " private"
.Add "protected": .Add "public": .Add "friend": .Add "inlIne": .Add "template": .Add "virtual"
.Add "asm": .Add "explicit": .Add "typename"
End With
isType = isSpecial(w, types)
End Function
Sub SyntaxHighlight()
Dim wordCount As Integer
Dim d As Integer
' set the style of selection
Selection.Style = "ccode"
d = 0
wordCount = Selection.Words.Count
Selection.StartOf wdWord
While d < wordCount
d = d + Selection.MoveRight(wdWord, 1, wdExtend)
w = Selection.Text
If isKeyword(Trim(w)) = True Then
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorBlue
ElseIf isType(Trim(w)) = True Then
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorDarkRed
Selection.Font.Bold = True
ElseIf isOperator(Trim(w)) = True Then
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorBrown
ElseIf Trim(w) = "//" Then
'lIne comment
Selection.MoveEnd wdLine, 1
commentWords = Selection.Words.Count
d = d + commentWords
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorGreen
Selection.MoveStart wdWord, commentWords
ElseIf Trim(w) = "/*" Then
'block comment
While Selection.Characters.Last <> "/"
Selection.MoveLeft wdCharacter, 1, wdExtend
Selection.MoveEndUntil ("*")
Selection.MoveRight wdCharacter, 2, wdExtend
Wend
commentWords = Selection.Words.Count
d = d + commentWords
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorGreen
Selection.MoveStart wdWord, commentWords
End If
'move the start of selection to next word
Selection.MoveStart wdWord
Wend
' prepare For set lIne number
Selection.MoveLeft wdWord, wordCount, wdExtend
SetLIneNumber
End Sub
Private Sub SetLIneNumber()
Dim lines As Integer
lines = Selection.Paragraphs.Count
Selection.StartOf wdParagraph
For l = 1 To lines
lIneNum = l & " "
If l < 10 Then
lIneNum = lIneNum & " "
End If
Selection.Text = lIneNum
Selection.Font.Bold = False
Selection.Font.Color = wdColorAutomatic
p = Selection.MoveDown(wdLine, 1, wdMove)
Selection.StartOf wdLine
Next l
End Sub下面是我给出的使用说明，原文没给出使用说明。
使用方法：
1） 首先为当前文档新定义一个样式，命名为”ccode”，专门用来对c代码进行格式化。由于是代码，所以推荐中文使用宋体（注释中），而英文使用等宽字体（courier new）。建立样式的步骤：在word2003中，“格式” → “新样式”
2）将上面的vba代码拷贝到文档中，步骤：在word2003中，“工具” → “宏” → ”VB编辑器“ → ”Normal工程“ → ”Microsoft Word 对象“ ，双击 ”thisDocument”对象，将上面的代码拷贝到新开的窗口中。
当然你也可以把ccode样式和highlight脚本保存到normal模板中，这样以后你再写代码的时候就可以直接用了，不用自己再辛苦定义这些了。
3）选定代码文本，然后执行highlight脚本： “格式” → “宏” → “宏”， 选择SyntaxHighlight宏，然后执行就可以了。
如果想定制语法高亮，那么修改上面的脚本就是了。